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Five sketch designs, with alternatives, for plainer chimney-pieces, related to designs in 1, 4, and 5
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Five sketch designs, with alternatives, for plainer chimney-pieces, related to designs in 1, 4, and 5
Purpose
Five sketch designs, with alternatives, for plainer chimney-pieces, related to designs in 1, 4, and 5
Signed and dated
- 1689
Main Year - 1690-94
Other Years
Notes
These five sketch designs (110/48, 33, 51, 42, 46) may be amongst the earliest by Gibbons in the Hampton Court volume, since motifs in several of them occur a more developed form in some of the grandest of his compositions (e.g. the armorial and drapery motifs in 1 and 5; 110/48 and 46) which recur in 110/38 and 26. The absence of any indication of room cornices on the designs is one factor that tends to associate the sketches with the five predominantly grey-washed designs in section 6/1, and could indicate that they pre-date Gibbons's involvement in carved interior work at Hampton Court in 1694.
On the other hand, the lack of sculptural and architectural framing around the hearths sets these sketch designs apart from Gibbons's grander compositions in sections 4 and 5, below. The sketch designs could, in fact, be re-workings of the earlier schemes, prepared fairly late in the design process (e.g. c.1694, or perhaps even as late as 1699 when work resumed on the refitting of the interiors of the state apartments). One design bears a scale in another hand (3; 110/51), suggesting a proposal for execution.
Common characteristics of this group are: (1) very loose pen outline technique, lacking precision in the detailing of foliage and the human figure; (2) light washed technique, in just one or two applications in a dilution of the grey-brown ink of the line drawing, with coloured wash on only one drawing (2; 110/33); (3) presentation of two clear alternative schemes in one drawing, either side of a central vertical line, drawn firmly in graphite; (4) a plain fire surround frame, without mouldings; (5) no indication of room cornice; (6) much reduced scheme for relief carving, the motifs limited to drops of fruit and flowers, some drapery and simple figures; (7) emphasis on the area above the fire surround as the main compartment for sculptural display; (8) the use of a smooth white laid paper in sheets of smaller dimensions than the others by Gibbons.
Four of the five drawings are on whitish writing paper produced by at the Nersac paper mill of Claude de George, near Angoulême, France, for Abram Janssen, a Dutch factor. Hence they have the watermark of an ornamental fleur de lys over 4WR and AJ, and the countermark CDG (see English Baroque architectural drawings / Introduction).
On the other hand, the lack of sculptural and architectural framing around the hearths sets these sketch designs apart from Gibbons's grander compositions in sections 4 and 5, below. The sketch designs could, in fact, be re-workings of the earlier schemes, prepared fairly late in the design process (e.g. c.1694, or perhaps even as late as 1699 when work resumed on the refitting of the interiors of the state apartments). One design bears a scale in another hand (3; 110/51), suggesting a proposal for execution.
Common characteristics of this group are: (1) very loose pen outline technique, lacking precision in the detailing of foliage and the human figure; (2) light washed technique, in just one or two applications in a dilution of the grey-brown ink of the line drawing, with coloured wash on only one drawing (2; 110/33); (3) presentation of two clear alternative schemes in one drawing, either side of a central vertical line, drawn firmly in graphite; (4) a plain fire surround frame, without mouldings; (5) no indication of room cornice; (6) much reduced scheme for relief carving, the motifs limited to drops of fruit and flowers, some drapery and simple figures; (7) emphasis on the area above the fire surround as the main compartment for sculptural display; (8) the use of a smooth white laid paper in sheets of smaller dimensions than the others by Gibbons.
Four of the five drawings are on whitish writing paper produced by at the Nersac paper mill of Claude de George, near Angoulême, France, for Abram Janssen, a Dutch factor. Hence they have the watermark of an ornamental fleur de lys over 4WR and AJ, and the countermark CDG (see English Baroque architectural drawings / Introduction).
Level
Group
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Contents of Five sketch designs, with alternatives, for plainer chimney-pieces, related to designs in 1, 4, and 5
- [1] Incomplete preliminary design for a chimney-piece with alternative console panels supporting the mantel shelf, and a sketched overmantel display of a trophy and arms within a draped curtain canopy
- [2] Sketch design for alternative chimney-pieces, left and right, with a tall frame in the overmantel, bordered on left with suspended drapery and foliage and on right with foliage and putti, and with alternative fire surround panels, the right one oval, shaded pink, and surmounted by a crown and putti on the mantel shelf.
- [3] Alternative designs for two chimney-pieces, left and right, with mid-height panels, and with overmantels as square or chamfer-cornered frames, flanked on the right by a drop of acanthus and flowers and on the left by a sketched armorial display
- [4] Sketch design for alternative chimney-pieces, left and right, with tall mid-height picture frames, chamfer-cornered on left and square on right, the left one bordered by a caryatid console and the right one by a foliage drop, and the overmantel with a single martial composition of putti, shields and arms
- [5] Sketch design for alternative chimney-pieces, left and right, with octagonal and rectangular mid-height panels bordered by foliage, and with a high mantel shelf bearing a royal coat of arms amongst putti, foliage, wings and trumpets.