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Purpose

Lincoln’s Inn, London: unexecuted competition designs for new buildings (later known as Stone Buildings), commissioned by the Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn, 1771-74 (9)

Signed and dated

  • 1771-74

Notes

Being one of four Inns of Court, Lincoln’s Inn was founded in the fourteenth century on land gifted by Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln. The Earl’s heraldic lion rampant appears in the arms of the Society of Lincoln’s Inn which can be seen on two of its gated entrances. The complex was built gradually over the centuries. The earliest surviving element is the Old Hall, built in 1489-92. The Old Buildings were constructed in c1490-1520; the chapel was begun in 1619; New Square was built in 1682-93; and more recently the New Hall and Library were built in 1843-5.

In 1771, the Society of Lincoln’s Inn established a competition to design a building for a plot between Chancery Lane and Lincoln’s Inn Fields, incorporating the existing seventeenth-century chapel. Rival designs were submitted by Robert Adam, Matthew Brettingham the younger (1725-1803), James Paine (1717-89), and Sir Robert Taylor (1714-88). Adam’s designs survive at Sir John Soane’s Museum. Those by Brettingham, Paine and Taylor were previously thought to have been lost, but were rediscovered in a cellar furniture store beneath Lincoln’s Inn in 1988. The successful competition design was that submitted by Taylor. His design was partly executed in 1774-80, and came to be known as Stone Buildings as the principal (west) front is clad in stone. The south end of the west wing was completed in 1842-45 by Philip Hardwick (1792-1870) to a slightly modified design.

Literature:
A.T. Bolton, 'Lincoln's Inn and the fields', Architectural Review, June 1917, pp. 111-115; A.T. Bolton, The architecture of Robert and James Adam, 1922, Volume II, Index p. 41; B. Weinreb and C. Hibbert, The London Encyclopaedia, 1983, p. 471; A.A. Tait, Robert Adam: the creative mind: from the sketch to the finished drawing, 1996, p. 39; B. Cherry & N. Pevsner, The buildings of England: London 4: North, 1998, pp. 284-87; D. King, The complete works of Robert & James Adam and unbuilt Adam, 2001, Volume II, pp. 33-38, 57; A. Rowan, "Bob the Roman’"Heroic antiquity & the architecture of Robert Adam, 2003, pp. 30-32; R. Hradsky, ‘The 1771 competition for rebuilding Lincoln’s Inn’, The Georgian Group Journal, 2009, pp. 95-106, F. Sands, Fanciful Figures: people in architectural drawings, 2024,

I am grateful to Guy Holborn, Librarian at Lincoln’s Inn for information regarding the extant drawings by Brettingham, Paine and Taylor.

Frances Sands, 2014

Level

Scheme

Digitisation of the Drawings Collection has been made possible through the generosity of the Leon Levy Foundation

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Sir John Soane's collection includes some 30,000 architectural, design and topographical drawings which is a very important resource for scholars worldwide. His was the first architect’s collection to attempt to preserve the best in design for the architectural profession in the future, and it did so by assembling as exemplars surviving drawings by great Renaissance masters and by the leading architects in Britain in the 17th and 18th centuries and his near contemporaries such as Sir William Chambers, Robert Adam and George Dance the Younger. These drawings sit side by side with 9,000 drawings in Soane’s own hand or those of the pupils in his office, covering his early work as a student, his time in Italy and the drawings produced in the course of his architectural practice from 1780 until the 1830s.

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Contents of Lincoln’s Inn, London: unexecuted competition designs for new buildings (later known as Stone Buildings), commissioned by the Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn, 1771-74 (9)